电梯导轨影响电梯的安全的因素主要是导轨的材质。导轨材质过硬或不均匀（局部过硬），在安钳制动时夹紧将得不到足够的摩擦力，会造成制动失效，发生轿厢坠落这一电梯事故中最严重的工况。导轨也要有足够的强度，以保证安全钳制动时对轿厢及冲击力的支撑。
The material of the guide rail is the main factor that affects the safety of the elevator. The guide rail material is too hard or uneven (locally too hard), the clamp will not get enough friction when the safety caliper is braked, which will cause the brake failure and the car falling, the most serious working condition in the elevator accident. The guide rail shall also have enough strength to ensure the support of the car and the impact force when the safety caliper is braked.